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GreenOps

Kubernetes CO₂e per workload, cluster and region.

Estimated from CPU, memory and GPU energy, provider PUE, and each region’s grid carbon intensity (Ember 2024). Monthly and quarterly CSV export.

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Where you run

The same workload can emit 89× more CO₂e, depending on region.

Grid intensity runs from 8 g/kWh in eu-north-1 to 708 g/kWh in ap-south-1.

8g/kWh

eu-north-1

Sweden · hydro

130g/kWh

ca-central-1

Quebec · hydro

316g/kWh

eu-west-1

Ireland

322g/kWh

us-east-1

Virginia

442g/kWh

Global avg

Mixed grid

708g/kWh

ap-south-1

Mumbai · coal-heavy

0 g/kWh5001000 g/kWh

Same workload, up to 89× the emissions. Region matters.

Source · Ember Climate · Global Electricity Review 2024

Method

What we count, and what we leave out.

Every figure is an estimate from a published model: CCF, SPECpower and Ember 2024.

Counted

4 components

  • CPU compute energy

    SPECpower curves, per processor family

  • Memory energy

    0.3725 W per GiB, DDR4 baseline

  • GPU compute energy

    TDP per model, utilization-weighted

  • Data-centre overhead

    Provider PUE, which includes cooling and facility networking

Excluded

4 domains

  • Network transfer energy

    Energy of moving data between sites

  • Embodied carbon

    Manufacturing footprint of hardware

  • Storage device energy

    Provider-side, not exposed by APIs

  • End-user device energy

    Outside the data center boundary

Following the SCI specification and the Cloud Carbon Footprint methodology.

  • CCF
  • SPECpower
  • Ember 2024
  • Provider PUE
  • SCI (ISO/IEC 21031:2024)

Reports

Monthly and quarterly CO₂e, exported as CSV.

CO₂e by cluster for the month or quarter. The methodology and constants are published.

Example · GreenOps report

Q2 2026

ClustertCO₂eChange
  • prod-eu-11.42-8.1%
  • prod-us-east2.18+4.4%
  • staging-eu0.31-12.0%
TOTAL3.91-1.9%

Data sources: CCF, SPECpower, Ember 2024, provider PUE, SCI

Boundary: CPU, memory and GPU energy, plus data-centre overhead via provider PUE. Excludes network transfer, storage devices and embodied carbon.

Format: CSV, monthly or quarterly. Figures are estimates.

The report includes

  • Per-cluster breakdown

    tCO₂e for each cluster in the period

  • Change over time

    Each cluster against the previous period

  • Published methodology

    CCF, SPECpower, Ember 2024, provider PUE and SCI: formulas and constants

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